Dental health is a modern concern, and the availability of toothbrushes, toothpaste, and regular dental visits has made it easy for most people today to maintain healthy teeth. However, dental care was very different in medieval times, leading many to wonder: Did people in the Middle Ages suffer from cavities, toothaches, and other dental problems? This article delves into the dental health of medieval people, examining the causes of tooth decay, the available treatments, and how dental health in the Middle Ages compares to today.

The Diet of the Medieval Population

One of the most significant factors influencing dental health in medieval Europe was the diet. The medieval diet varied depending on social class, geography, and time period, but certain foods were particularly prevalent across different strata of society, and these foods had a direct impact on the teeth.

1. Sugar and Honey:
Although refined sugar, as we know it today, wasn’t available to medieval people, honey was a widely used sweetener, and fruits like figs, dates, and grapes were also consumed. Medieval people, especially the wealthy, would often use honey to sweeten their food and drink. While honey has some antimicrobial properties, it is still a sugary substance that can contribute to tooth decay, particularly when it sticks to the teeth.

2. Bread and Grains:
For the majority of the population, bread made from grains such as wheat, barley, and rye was a staple food. However, medieval milling techniques weren’t as refined as they are today, so the bread often contained coarse grains and gritty particles that could wear down the teeth. People consumed a significant amount of carbohydrate-rich foods, which, when broken down by bacteria in the mouth, could produce acids that contribute to cavities.

3. Meat and Dairy:
Wealthier individuals had access to meat and dairy products, which provided essential nutrients but also contributed to tooth wear and decay. Meat, especially tough cuts, could cause teeth to crack or chip, and dairy products, particularly cheese, while beneficial for bone health, could also cause tooth discoloration and plaque build-up if not consumed in moderation.

4. Vegetables and Fruits:
Fruits and vegetables, while less common in the diet of poorer classes, were a significant source of vitamins and minerals. However, certain fruits, especially acidic ones like apples and citrus, could erode enamel if consumed too often, especially without proper cleaning afterward. shutdown123